what is science everywhere? write characteristics of living organisms.

 

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🧪 What Is Science?

• Science is the study of the world around us.

  • It helps us understand how things work—like why the sky is blue or how plants grow.

• Science is based on observation and experiments.

  • Scientists look closely at things, ask questions, and test ideas to find answers.

• Science is everywhere.

  • It’s in cooking, medicine, weather, machines, and even in our bodies.

• Science helps us solve problems.

  • For example, it helps doctors treat diseases or engineers build bridges.

• Science is always changing.

  • As we learn more, our understanding grows. What we believe today may improve tomorrow.

• Science is divided into branches.

  • Some examples are:
    • Biology – study of living things.
    • Physics – study of matter and energy.
    • Chemistry – study of substances and how they change.
    • Earth Science – study of the planet, weather, and space.

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🌱 Characteristics of Living Organisms

Living organisms are things that are alive—like humans, animals, plants, and even tiny bacteria. They all share some common features. Let’s explore them one by one:

1. Made of Cells (कोशिकाओं से बने होते हैं)

• All living things are made of cells.
• Cells are the smallest unit of life.
• Some organisms have only one cell (unicellular), like bacteria.
• Others have many cells (multicellular), like humans and trees.

2. Nutrition (पोषण)

• Living organisms need food to survive.
• Food gives energy and helps in growth.
• Plants make their own food using sunlight (photosynthesis).
• Animals eat plants or other animals.

3. Respiration (श्वसन)

• Living things break down food to release energy.
• This process is called respiration.
• Humans and animals breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.
• Plants also respire, but in a different way.

4. Growth (विकास)

• All living organisms grow over time.
• A baby becomes an adult, a seed becomes a tree.
• Growth happens because cells divide and increase in number.

5. Movement (गति)

• Living things can move.
• Animals walk, fly, or swim.
• Plants also move slowly—like turning toward sunlight or opening flowers.

6. Reproduction (प्रजनन)

• Living organisms can produce new life.
• Animals give birth or lay eggs.
• Plants reproduce through seeds, roots, or stems.
• Reproduction ensures the survival of species.

7. Sensitivity or Response to Stimuli (उत्तेजना के प्रति प्रतिक्रिया)

• Living things react to changes around them.
• For example, we feel pain when we touch something hot.
• Plants grow toward light or close their leaves when touched.

8. Excretion (मल उत्सर्जन)

• Living organisms remove waste from their bodies.
• This keeps them healthy.
• Humans excrete through urine and sweat.
• Plants release oxygen and other waste gases.

9. Adaptation (अनुकूलन)

• Living things adjust to their environment.
• Camels store water to survive in deserts.
• Polar bears have thick fur to live in cold places.
• Plants in dry areas have small leaves to save water.

10. Life Cycle (जीवन चक्र)

• Every living organism has a life cycle.
• It is born, grows, reproduces, and dies.
• This cycle continues with new generations.

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🧠 Summary in Simple Words

Feature	What It Means in Easy English
Cells	Tiny building blocks of life
Nutrition	Eating food to get energy
Respiration	Breathing and using food to make energy
Growth	Becoming bigger over time
Movement	Changing place or position
Reproduction	Making babies or new plants
Sensitivity	Reacting to touch, light, sound, etc.
Excretion	Removing waste from the body
Adaptation	Changing to fit the environment
Life Cycle	Born → Grow → Reproduce → Die

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